How to Increase Club Room Free Essay Example, 2000 words

With regards to increasing sales, one of the first priorities should be to increase Club Room capacity, either by better use of the existing space; or by refurbishing one of the function rooms to use as a second Club Dining Room. However, possibly the best option, given that the Downs Carvery is taking less than half of the revenue of the Club Room, is to switch these two rooms around. This would give a Club Room with a capacity of 160, potentially doubling takings from Club Dining. Whilst the Carvery would be reduced to a capacity of 70, it should still be able to accommodate its patrons, as its prices are just over half that of the Club Room, but its food takings are less than half, indicating that it has fewer patrons than the Club Room. There are two potential hindrances to this plan. Firstly, the d cor may be very different in both of these rooms, and so it may not be straightforward to switch them around and may require refurbishment. Secondly, the distribution of visits to th e Carvey may not be even. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Increase Club Room or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page However, excessive price rises could harm the reputation of the new club owners, and lead to a member s backlash. Cutting costs is another potential option for increasing profitability however, in the short term, this would need to be done either by sourcing cheaper food and liquor or by reducing wages. Better sourcing tends to take time to implement, hence this would likely only have a minimal impact on the current year.

The Theory On Rainbow Formation And The Mechanics Of Them...

Rainbows and the mechanics of them have been studied since ancient times. Greek philosophers had some understanding of the role of refraction, scientists in the 13th century produced theories on rainbow formation, and in the 17th century, Rene Descartes sketched out the conditions required to observe a rainbow (Douma). There are two key aspects that affect a rainbow, and these include the altitude of the sun and the size of the raindrops. The colors of the rainbow are because of two basic facts: †¢ Sunlight is made up of the whole range of colors that the eye can detect. The range of sunlight colors, when combined, looks white to the eye. This property of sunlight was first demonstrated by Sir Isaac Newton in 1666. †¢ Light of different colors is refracted by different amounts when it passes from one medium (air, for example) into another (water or glass, for example) (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research). Determining whether or not the wavelengths will go through the raindrops or reflect depends on the angle that the light falls on the backside of the raindrop. Each rain droplet has a function in the formation of the rainbow. Sunlight enters the rain droplet at a specific angle and the rain droplet separates the white light into many different colors. This angle is a fixed measurement between your eye and the sun. What color that is refracted is dependent on the critical angle, the angle the sunlight strikes the back of the rain droplet (Mahlen). RedShow MoreRelatedA Rainbow, By Rene Descartes1743 Words   |  7 Pagesbe able to really discuss rainbows we have to know the mechanics of them, which has been studied since ancient times. Greek philosophers were aware of the role of reflection in forming a rainbow and had some understanding of the role of refraction. In the 13th century, scientists produced theories on rainbow formation, and in the 17th century, Rene Descartes sketched out the conditions required to observe a rainbow (Douma). There are two key aspects that affect a rainbow, and these include the altitudeRead MorePhysics in Daily Life13985 Words   |  56 Pagesissues. Wherever possible the subject content should be presented within a contemporary context relevant to the lives of students and within a historical context which illustrates how the scientific ideas were developed and the scientists who developed them. Aims To emphasize the importance of the process of scientific investigation as a means of solving problems in every day life; To contribute to the pupils’ general education by helping to make sense of the physical environment through scientific inquiry;Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesMexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sà £o Paulo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo Toronto Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Copyright  © 2003 by Ennis Barrington Edmonds The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing ofRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages New Jersey 07458. Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Whetten, David A. (David Allred) Developing management skills /David A. Whetten, Kim S. Cameron.—8th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index

High Blood Pressure And Heart Disease Essay - 1814 Words

United States(US) is most obese country in North America and has not taken effective measures to significantly dwindle down the obese or overweight population. Obesity is a condition where a person has built up body fat from food to the point where their weight can have negative effects on their health. Being overweight means a person weighs more than what is considered normal for the age, height and gender while being obese is a person having a Body Mass Index of over 30 pounds. If untreated the accumulated body fat can cause type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease, for this reason the United States must take effective action to tackle down the obese population. A common myth is that people become obese because they chose to eat junk food and refuse to eat little to no healthy food with no self-control of their eating habits. The real truth is fast food companies sell unhealthy foods cheaper than healthy foods resulting in low income families and people on a tight b udget to chose the cheaper food deal. The cheaper food deals combined with the rise of technology to make transportation easier than the 20th century and walking seem like a chore. The unfortunate phenomenon has made it the duty of the 18 to 25 year old, which from here on will be referred to as young adults, to set healthy examples for future generations while demanding that fast food businesses make healthy foods just as affordable as unhealthy food. Through human history exercise was justShow MoreRelatedCardiovascular Disease ( Cvd ), High Blood Pressure, Congestive Heart Failure1662 Words   |  7 PagesThis literature review will cover 20 different articles and journals pertaining to cardiovascular disease (CVD), high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, hypertension and other coronary heart disease among the Muslim community. 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Some diseases come heredity but most canRead MoreEssay on Coronary Heart Disease1167 Words   |  5 PagesCoronary Heart Disease Coronary heart disease occurs when the coronary arteries become partially blocked from, cholesterol and fat, circulating in the blood. This causes a build up inside the walls of the arteries. This only occurs if the levels of fat and cholesterol are extremely high in the blood that there is a greater chance that it will be deposited onto the artery walls. If the arteries become completely blocked, the patient will have a myocardial infarction,Read MoreThe Effects Of High Blood Pressure On The Heart1408 Words   |  6 Pages High blood pressure has many damaging effects on the heart. High blood pressure is known as a silent killer and if left untreated can cause serious damage to the heart. What causes high blood can differ from person to person. What causes this for some may be different with another. 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The kidneys play a key role in keeping a persons blood pressure in a healthy range, and blood pressure, in turn, can affect the health of the kidneys. High blood pressure ¦can damage the kidneys and lead to chronic kidney disease (National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghous e n.d.). High blood pressure is the second leading cause of kidney disease (AmericanRead MoreLiving With Hypertension ( Htc )1161 Words   |  5 Pages HS200 Diseases of the Human Body Unit 4 Capstone Project Living With Hypertension Kaplan University August 19, 2014 Hypertension (HTC) also known as High Blood pressure,some even call the lifestyle disease. About 70 million adults and 2 million teens and childrenRead MoreYunkyung Eom. Professor Chad Hammett. English 1301 . April1471 Words   |  6 Pageshypertension (high blood pressure) is predicted to be 1.56 billion worldwide by the year 2025. 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Human Rights and World Wide Web free essay sample

These findings lend support to research showing a negative correlation between corporate social responsibility and profitability. Introduction We are witness to the metamorphosis of late capitalism, the interpenetration of postindustrialism with postmodern culture. Spectators (consumers and investors) are given only narrative fragments to construct worker and ecological stories from the vantage points of entry authored by corporate public relations. Corporate authorial-power becomes hegemonic as narrative plots script actions and perception in ways unseen or taken for granted. Consumers in the first world cannot see the ecological or work conditions because these locations are kept as strategic secrets. All one ever hears are stories directly authored by corporate interests acting as gatekeeper, authoring ventriloquist stories on behalf of workers and ecology. What is the relevance of this to Tamara? The play, Tamara, written by John Krizanc (1981, 1989) entraps us as spectators in a maze of story and character choices where our own complicity in civic responsibility stares back at us. Some characters have a voice and access to any spectators; others have either a weak voice or limited access. In Tamara Manifesto (Boje, 2001), there was a call to heed the interpenetration of postindustrialism and postmodern culture, the intertextuality of production, distribution, and consumption. Manguel (1988:1-2) gives us a starting definition of traditional theatrics: Theater, the representation of events as if they happened before your eyes begins with the convention of all spectacle: a division of reality. One space allotted to the audience, the passive viewer, seated to observe; another to the play, the actors, moving to perform. In one space theater, spectators and performers must follow the linear storyline of authorial authority and view the performance from the viewpoint the playwright has determined will be seen by the spectators. In Tamara, the barrier between spectator and actor spaces has been breeched; the spaces co-mingle and spectators become actors on many stages. My theory is that there are three divided spaces with narrators telling stories that connect them operating in a kind of Tamara interconnecting three theatrical spaces: 1. First, a consumptive space of spectators, the consumers and investors from the first world; 2. Second, a distributive space is reserved for performing executives, PR managers, and consultants, who mediate stories performed to the first space on behalf of those in a third space; 3. Third, a productive and ecological space, of the Third World where mostly young women toil and where environmental laws are more lax; workers and forests can not be seen or heard by those in the first space (and maybe not the second). We will look to see how in one industry (athletic apparel) spectators are given a few more choices, in what we call the Athletic Apparel Industry Tamara, to accompany whatever character and story they choose, masters or servants from country to country (or factory to showroom), knowing that there are simultaneous performances and they can not be in every place at one time. In short, consumers and investors rely upon the sharing of stories to construct their image of what is going on. Past examinations of the connection of storytelling and corporate strategy have focused on content analysis and a recent call has been to examine events or texts from a storytelling perspective (Barry Elmes, 1997). Some recent research recognizes that strategic orientations change over time (Black Farias, 2000) and/or may be simultaneously present (Ashmos, Duchan, McDaniel, 2000) and/or may be emergent (Mintzberg, 1987, 1990,1994; Mintzberg McHugh, 1985; Mintzberg Waters, 1985). Ways to determine changes in strategic orientation have included inference from actions (Grimm Smith, 1997) and the examination of archival documents, such as letters to shareholders (Landrum, 2000). We suggest that a more inclusive or Tamara approach is needed to show the complexity of forces that cause the ground to move. We assume there is something about the movement from a divided space in modern theater to the interpenetrating one of postmodern theater that makes Tamara a fit metaphor to analyze the Athletic Apparel Industry. In the past decades, the corporate forte was to sustain the modernist barrier between spaces, as in contemporary theater the spectators sat in their respective spaces and did not question the veracity of the performed narratives. In the last decade, as consumers and investors (first space) visited the stage themselves and entered the third space, or when the workers of the Third World were transported to the first one, then a more democratic theatrics of story production, distribution, and consumption became enacted on the global stage. The power of the corporate gatekeeper was dissolved. This study presumes that storytelling is useful in revealing corporate strategic orientation and in revealing when complexity forces changes and disrupts their orientations and postures. Stories are particularly useful in showing how individuals or corporations make sense of the world. Stories are sensemaking narratives of an organization (Boje, 1991, 1995; Czarniawska, 1998; Frye, 1957; Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach, Zilber, 1998; Riessman, 1993; White, 1973). To explore storytelling and strategy intertextuality, we review an industry context that has been changing drastically over the past decade. The athletic shoe industry was chosen because it is a mature industry and has undergone many changes since the 1980s, such as the movement toward overseas production, increasing globalization, and involvement of activists over labor and environmental issues (Choe, 1999; Shetty, 1996). But it is the decade of the 1990s that has seen the most turbulent and complex changes, and its two most active players have been Nike and Reebok. For example, in 1998 Corporate Watch decided to turn their Greenwash Award into a Sweatwash Award and gave the prize to the Fair Labor Association, newly created by the White House Apparel Industry Partnership. They stated that, The Association will have the power to grant companies the right to sew no sweat labels in their clothing in return for what labor activists fear will amount to cosmetic improvements in sweatshop conditions. (Light, 1998:1) Corporations led by Nike, Reebok, Liz Claiborne and Phillips-Van Heusen (then L. L. Bean and Patagonia) joined with some unknown human rights groups on the taskforce to propose the creation of the Fair Labor Association (FLA). The more radical contingent, UNITE, (the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees), the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union, and the Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility-were taskforce members who resigned their White House Apparel Partnership positions to protest the weak monitoring practices, no living wage and no right to organize provisions of the FLA. Sweatwash was a reaction to watching two decades of corporate environmentalism become a full court PR press with slick advertising to present a green corporate image to the global stage while co-opting both the human and environmental rights movements. UNITE (1998) argues the FLA was created by a subgroup of the White House task force, consisting mostly of industry representatives from companies such as Nike, Reebok and Liz Claiborne and a few human rights groups. The FLA Clean Clothes/ No Sweat tag was the next industry strategy to mollify consumer and investors who were hearing more stories of exploitation; corporations feared their public image was tarnished by increased activism. In 1998, Nike announced plans to phase out PVC plastics in its shoes and other products and painted its web sites with plans to certify all of its 600 subcontract factories in IS014000 environmental standards. (This followed the 1997 release of the Ernst Young audit showing violations of Vietnamese environmental laws. Reebok, on the other hand, uses part of its advertising budget to give out Human Rights Awards (since 1992), while pretending to consumers and investors its products are `Made in the USA rather than being mostly made in China. Both firms did not just become enlightened one day to environmentalism and human rights, they are responding to public opinion and to amateur actors who are taking the global stage, entering the board room and shareh older meeting asking for independent monitoring of corporate claims (Introductory Guide To Unplugging Corporations, 2001). This study will examine the letters to shareholders of the top two firms in this industry, Nike and Reebok, to trace their environmental and social responsibility rhetoric (Landrum, 2000). To focus exclusively on the environmental and social responsibility narratives, we review Bojes (1999) model and classify the rhetoric in the letters to shareholders following his classification system. We follow with examples of Nike and Reeboks use of each type of rhetoric in their letters, showing the frequency of use of each type of rhetoric, and making some observations regarding Nike and Reeboks environmental and social responsibility rhetoric. Rhetoric in Use Boje (1999) offers a model to classify the environmental and social responsibility rhetoric of corporations. He identifies classifications ranging from a denial of responsibility for environmental and social problems to the embracing of green goals as central to the mission of the organization. These levels of response are: Denial Response One, the first response, is Denial. In Denial, the company denies accusations and ignores problems in their environmental and labor practices. Our hypothesis is that this can work when the three theatrical spaces remain bounded and divided, so that only the corporate executive or PR staff mediates what is going on to the other two spaces. In the Nike (1990-1999) and Reebok (1990-1999) letters, we looked for evidence of denial of problems or for evidence of ignoring problems related to environmental and labor practices. Nike Denial This section will provide some examples of passages coded within the Denial genre of environmental and social responsibility rhetoric. We offer our rationale for coding the passage within this genre. In the following 1994 passage, Nike chooses to criticize the media for their coverage of Nike problems. I coded this passage as denial since Nike refuses to acknowledge the problems that have been exposed by the media. 118: The blinder mentality is bad enough when judging the business world, but 119: it is characteristic of a more serious virus that is affecting the 120: coverage (or non-coverage) of significant cultural and political 121: stories. The sad truth is, as television news in general, and CNN in 122: particular, becomes ncreasingly invested in our lives, the print media 123: are pushed to greater extremes, forced to choose survival over 124: integrity, the most entertaining story over the real story, until we 125: come to this: The New York Times reduced to Vecsey on NIKE. The following passage from the 1995 Nike letter shows Nike again criticizing the media and Wall Street for failing to recognize Nike as a sound investment. Nike neglects to make any mention of the parti cular media exposes that have uncovered Nikes poor labor practices; thus, I have coded the passage as denial. 8: This brings us back to my frustration and, I am sad to say, the 89: futility of this document. It simply does not matter what we say in 90: words or put in numbers in the annual report. This poor little binder 91: is simply overwhelmed by electronic and print sound bites, or ignored 92: by the show biz-oriented media who convey a point of view in conflict 93: with sound investment. 94: 95: As Director John Jaqua says, This has reached the point of 96: ridicularity. 97: 98: So how, in that world, can you understand the who, what, when, where 99: and why of any company, especially one as controversial as NIKE? 00: 101: The sad answer: Cant really. It would be easy if we could bring 102: everybody to the NIKE Campus, or take everybody to 103: the Final Four, or the Olympic Trials, or the World Cup, or a Nebraska 104: high school football game, or a pick-up game on 125th Str eet. Thats 105: the world NIKE lives in. But, we cant do that. 106: 107: Instead, well send our managers back to do what they do: develop and 108: grow the best global company possible, and let the hurricane of media 109: hype blow on around us. The following Nike 1996 passage blames the media for blasting their overseas practices. Even though they have finally acknowledged this particular problem exposed by the media, they choose not to discuss it within the letter to shareholders or within the body of the annual report. Still, Nike did publish a 10-page supplement defending Nikes position; however, it only further exemplifies their denial of the problem. 9: Yet no sooner had the great year ended than we were hit by a series of 10: blasts from the media about our practices overseas. 11: 12: So I sat with a dilemma: Use this space to answer our critics 13: isrepresentations, which would leave little room for anything else, or 14: try to give our owners the bigger picture of their company. 15: 16: I decided to do the latter with, like Roger Maris home run record, an 17: asterisk. We answer the overseas questions in a supplement that is 18: included in the annual report mailing. The following 1997 Nike passage continues to suggest that Nike is failing to acknowledge the problems associated with their overseas lab or practices despite the fact that they have been repeatedly detailed in the media. 3: To do that, I first have to take a second to talk about the filter 34: obstacle, that haze we have to fight through to explain what goes on 35: around this company. 36: 37: NIKE (and the entire industry) tends to be a bit misunderstood. The 38: media prefer to treat us all as the entertainment portion of the 39: business world. So, they feel free to exaggerate, to interpret, to 40: extrapolate. To say they are prone to hyperbole would be an 41: understatement. To say that is how they make their living would not. Reebok Denial No Reebok letters were coded in this category. Green Gloss/Green Wash Response Two is Green Gloss or Green Wash. During this phase, the company launches public relations campaigns to counteract negative publicity or accusations of activists. Nike Green Gloss/Green Wash In the following 1998 Nike excerpt, the company finally begins to acknowledge that labor practices are affecting their bottom line; however, I view this acknowledgment as more of an effort to discontinue denial and patronize the public rather than to make a meaningful effort to change the situation. 24: So, what knocked us down in 1998? 25: 26: Asia brown shoes labor practices resignations ayoffs 27: boring ads. Also, we have been criticized for our headquarters 28: expansion. But understand this: We need a much bigger place to house 29: all our troubles. I have also coded the 1997 Nike passage, mentioned previously (lines 33-41), as another example of green gloss/green wash. The companys defense of themselves in a 10-page supplement not only represented a denial of the problem, but also a public relations effort to justify their practices. Reebok Green Gloss/Green Wash No Reebok letters were coded in this category. Strategic Awareness Response Three is Strategic Awareness. During this phase, there is minimal compliance yet awareness exists of the need for change. Nike Strategic Awareness In the following 1998 Nike passage, the company suggests that the media is slowly becoming more knowledgeable of its questionable overseas labor practices. However, this ostensible change in media attitude is due to the fact that Nike has put forth a good-faith effort to improve their labor practices, and in turn, the media has simply begun to report these changes. 93: On our labor practices: Our friends in the media are slowly becoming 94: more knowledgeable. This is good. It means that consumers are 95: actually getting informed rather than just alarmed. This, too, will 96: take time. Meanwhile, the contrasts between us and our competitors and 97: other companies in the needle trade will show more each year. The following 1998 Nike passage suggests that it realizes that Americans are aware of their overseas practices, and accordingly, that Nike should be credited for this shift in public consciousness. 99: There is an interesting relationship going on between the Asia economic 100: crisis and the labor practices issue, which would take many chairmans [sic] 101: letters to cover. Instead, let me cut straight to the moral of the 102: story: It is simply not acceptable for America to continue to be 103: moated Reebok Strategic Awareness No Reebok letters were in this category. Strategic Acquisition Response Four is Strategic Acquisition, or a voluntary move toward environmental audits and social responsibility. Although Nike makes no mention of their environmental audits, 1997 marked their first voluntary, environmental audit and was conducted by Ernst Young. Nike Strategic Acquisition No Nike letters were coded in this category. Reebok Strategic Acquisition Throughout their letters, Reebok makes reference to the fact that they seek to help make a better world and to make a difference. This is evidenced by the following passages from 1990 (lines 47-48) and 1991 (lines 59-60). The company has made a voluntary movement toward being socially responsible. 47: a high level of consciousness and a sense of responsibility to help 48: make a better world. 59: to make a difference for our consumers 60: and ourselves. Flagship Implementation Response Five is Flagship Implementation, in which the firm makes proactive moves to change their core mission and to include green goals. Nike Flagship Implementation No Nike letters were in this category. Reebok Flagship Implementation In the following passages, Reebok makes mention of the various programs and initiatives they started in order to become a socially responsible company. 1992 60: Our push for success, however, has not lessened our desire to make a 61: difference in the larger world. Reebok is unique in its dedication to 62: human rights. Through our Human Rights Awards Program, which just com 63: pleted its fifth year, we strive to bring attention to young people 64: around the world who advance the cause of human rights. This year, 65: through a grant from The Reebok Foundation, a new human rights program 66: began. WITNESS, a program providing video cameras, facsimile machines 67: and computers to human rights organizations, allows human rights acti 68: vists to document abuses of justice for the world to see. 1993 61: Finally, let us note that the aspirations of Reebok extend beyond the 62: bottom line. Our commitment to the pursuit of human rights continues. 3: Once again, we recognized brave young people for their stand on human 64: rights one each from Belgium, Brazil, Egypt, and the United States. 65: Our Reebok Foundation helped inner city young people in United States 66: urban areas. Our Human Rights Production Standards, in place throughout 67: the world, helped assure that workers manufacturing Reebok pr oducts 68: benefited from quality conditions and fair labor practices. 1994 117: Another dimension of Reebok that enhances our global brand image is our 118: goal to be in the forefront of the corporate movement toward social 19: responsibility. We are the acknowledged corporate leader in promoting 120: human rights. Young people around the world, we believe look to 121: companies that stand for more than their great products. We 122: established the Reebok Human Rights Awards program in 1988, and we 123: continue to support it. This commitment led us to establish the Reebok 124: Human Rights Production Standards, through which we strive to improve 125: labor practices in overseas factories that make our products. This 126: commitment also is why we are working to make products that are 127: environmentally sound. We believe that companies should stand for 128: something. We believe our brand should stand for something. Personal 129: athletic achievement is a powerful message, but it is not enough on its 130: own. Reebok does stand for something, and as a result a new generation 131: of young people are able to see that a company can be a source not only 132: of exciting products, but of social good. 1996 55: Our Company continued its long-held commitment to human rights with the 56: Ninth Annual Human Rights Awards in 1996, honoring young activists in 57: their struggle for human rights around the world. Our efforts in this 58: area extend beyond this recognition program and include our 59: establishment in 1992 of human rights production standards that we hold 60: our factories accountable to follow. Most recently, in 1996 in 61: response to the problem of child labor widely utilized in the stitching 62: of soccer balls, we entered into an agreement with our supplier to 63: build a soccer ball manufacturing facility in Pakistan that will allow 64: us to guarantee that all Reebok soccer balls will be made without the 65: rise of child labor. 148: we will continue to focus our efforts 49: on making a difference to our customers to our employees and to our 150: shareholders. 1998 42: I believe that the values that Reebok International stands for 43: as a company are precisely those values that consumers are looking for in todays marketplace. 84: One of the crucial elements of this plan is the repositioning of Reebok Unlimited based on the 85: concept of humanity. Actually, this is not so much of a repositioning as a rediscovery of the 86: values of creativity, free-spiritedness and individualism that we have always represented as a 87: company, but have deviated from recently in our advertising and marketing. Based on a return 88: to these universal human values, we believe Reebok Unlimited is in a unique position to appeal 89: to both the authentic performance and casual lifestyle markets at the same time. Table 1 Table 2: Figure One: Frequency of the use of environmental narratives by Nike and Reebok over the tenyear period, 1990 to 1999 134: WE STAND FOR DOING THE RIGHT THING. 135: 136: Over the past year, a lot has been written about our industry and the issue of human rights. 137: We have been a leader in this area for more than a decade. Running a company involves a lot 138: more than crunching numbers and whatever else gets in your way. It involves a commitment 139: of equal respect and fair treatment for all people. Simply put, this is the Reebok way. It will 140: always be the Reebok way. As concern for human rights issues grows among consumers 141: particularly younger consumers we believe our leadership and reputation will translate into 142: greater preference for our brands and products. Although Nike makes little mention of their environmental practices, labor practices, or social responsibility, those passages included in the letters primarily engage in denial, green gloss, and strategic awareness rhetorical styles. Nikes main response mode during the 1990s was denial. Reebok, on the other hand, mentioned their social responsibility efforts in many of their letters and were primarily engaged in strategic acquisition and flagship implementation rhetoric. Reeboks main response mode was flagship implementation. The companies were at opposite ends of the spectrum in their primary response mode during the 1990s. Both companies, however, were engaged in poor labor practices in their overseas operations (Baskin, 1996; Ernst Young, 1997; Fireman, 1999; Manning, 1997a-g; Nguyen, 1997; Reebok, 1999). The difference is that Nike was denying the problems while Reebok was trying to be open about the problems and address them. Interestingly, we can conclude that being socially responsible and environmentally aware did not result in increased market share or profitability for Reebok. They continued to lose sales and market share throughout the 1990s (Figures 4 and 5). Reebok expected that their social responsibility stance would differentiate them from the competition. Rather, research and development and marketing are key success factors for this industry and Nike outperforms Reebok in both areas. Conclusion Boje (1999) puts forth a model of stages of environmental and social responsibility rhetoric. He suggests that rhetoric falls somewhere in a continuum ranging from Denial to Flagship Implementation. On one end of this continuum, companies may deny any responsibility for or ownership of their negative actions. The next stage of this continuum reflects rhetoric that glosses over issues and uses public relations campaigns in response to negative publicity. The third stage of Bojes (1999) continuum is rhetoric that acknowledges a need for change and puts forth gestures of minimal compliance. The fourth stage on this continuum is rhetoric that shows voluntary movement toward social responsibility and the last stage on the continuum is flagship implementation of environmental practices and embracing social responsibility. This article has shown that rhetoric is a useful way in which to understand and interpret a companys strategy. We have shown a more penetrating, or Tamara, view of the rhetoric of the athletic apparel industry leaders. Through analysis of letters to shareholders of Nike and Reebok over a ten-year period, we have shown Nike and Reeboks use of environmental and social responsibility rhetoric. The results show that Nike has engaged in Denial as their primary rhetorical style and Reebok has engaged in Flagship Implementation as their primary rhetorical style. The companies are at opposite extremes of this continuum. In spite of Nikes denial and Reeboks engagement of social responsibility, Nike revenues have skyrocketed and Reebok sales have plummeted (Figure 4). Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. If rhetoric indeed reveals strategy, these findings suggest that social responsibility and profits are negatively correlated for these two companies. In both Figures 2 and 3, we see the frequency of nvironmental and social responsibility rhetoric used by both companies increased. Nike engaged in rhetoric on the negative end of the continuum, suggesting denial of social responsibility; Reebok engaged in rhetoric on the positive end of the continuum, suggesting implementation of social responsibility. Also near this time, revenues and market share of both companies began to move in a dire ction negatively correlated with the level of social responsibility (Figures 4 and 5). The empirical evidence has been mixed on the relationship between corporate financial performance and social performance. Some researchers (Preston OBannon, 1997; Roman, Hayibor, Agle, 1999) have found a positive relationship between corporate social performance and financial performance and other researchers (Ingram and Frazier, 1983; Freedman and Jaggi, 1982) have found a negative relationship. In the case of negative correlations between financial performance and social performance, it is argued that the costs associated with social responsibility put the firm in an unfavorable financial position compared to firms that are not socially responsible (Aupperle, Carroll, Hatfield, 1985). Clearly the relationship between corporate financial performance and social performance is not fully understood. Nonetheless, rhetorical analysis is a useful postmodern tool in revealing a companys strategy and in revealing when changes or shifts in strategy occur. Figure 5 [Reference] REFERENCES Retrieved May 28, 2000, from the World Wide Web: http:// www. netadvantage. standardpoor. com/netahtml/ IndSur/apf/apf_0999. htm Czarniawska, B. (1998). A narrative approach to organization studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. [Reference] Ernst Young (1997, January 6). Environmental and labor practice audit. Retrieved May 28, 2000, from the World Wide Web: http:/ www. corpwatch. org/trac/nike/ernst/audit. html Fireman, Paul (1999, October 17). Steps we must take on third-world labor. The Washington Post, p. B7. Freedman, M. Jaggi, B. (1982). Pollution disclosures, pollution performance and economic performance. Omega, 10, 167-176 Frye, N. (1957). Anatomy of criticism: Four essay . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. [Reference] Grimm, C. M. Smith, K. G. (1997). Strategy as action: Industry rivalry and coordination. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western College Publishing. Ingram, R. Frazier, K. (1980). Environmental performance and corporate disclosure. Journal of Accounting Research, 18, 614-622. Introductory Guide to Unplugging Corporations (2001) Retrieved March 3, 2001 from the World Wide Web: http:// www. georgiastrait. org/Unplugging%20Corps. 3. pdf [Reference] Landrum, N. (2000). A Quantitative and Qualitative Examination of the Dynamics of Nike and Reebok Storytelling as Strategy. Doctoral dissertation: New Mexico State University. Lieblich, A. , Tuval-Mashiach, R. Zilber, T. (1998). Narrative research: Read analysis. and intc=tation.

Ted bundy1 Essay Example For Students

Ted bundy1 Essay Ted Bundy is one of the worst serial killers in history. His Antisocial personality and psychoticcharacter made him feared across the country. After all was said and done Ted left behind a trailof bloody slayings that included the deaths of 36 young women and spanned through four states. The biggest question in many people’s mind was how could someone as intelligent, highlyaccomplished, and praised as Bundy do such a thing?Theodore Robert Bundy was born November 24th, 1946 in Burlinton, Vermont. Hismother Eleanor Louise Cowell was 22 when she had him. Ted’s mom never told him muchabout his father except that he was in the armed forces and they had only dated a few times. Tedwas left in foster care for two months while his mom and parents decided what to do with him. In 1946 an illegitimate child was extremely looked down upon by society. Once they decided tokeep Ted his grandparents told everyone he was their adopted son. Ted knew who his biologicalmom was, but outsider s were told that she was his sister. Ted adored his grandfather, he was theonly man Ted really respected. His grandfather was also particularly fond of Ted. Ted would goon camping and fishing trips with his grandfather. Ted thought he was just a great guy, but thefamily thought different. They would describe his grandfather as an ill-tempered tyrant. He wasracist, intolerant, and a perfectionist. He expected everyone to meet his demands. Hisgrandfather was also verbally abusive toward other family members and physically abusivetoward his wife. He also physically mistreated animals including the family pet. Ted’sgrandmother suffered from depression. It got so bad that she was eventually treated withelectroshock therapy. She also suffered from agoraphobia and never left the house. Could thisbe the reason Ted turned out how he did?The older Ted got, the more it became more difficult to hide his family’s identity and hissecret mother. With this his mother moved to Washingt on, where she met and married JohnBundy. At the time Ted was four years old. He was adopted by John and his new parents hadfour children together. From the beginning Ted did well in school. His teachers complimentedhim on his good grades. Ted was active in Boy Scouts and attended church regularly. He alsoheld a part-time job and made excellent grades. Ted didn’t date much in high school and wasdescribed as being shy. It was around this time Ted began sneaking out of the house and peepinginto windows. He became a â€Å"Peeping Tom.† 1He reported as a child he had become fascinatedby sexual violence. He was warned about the effects of pornography and stated the it â€Å"brings outa hatred that is just too terrible to describe.†He also began shoplifting for expensive items andtold his mom that they were gifts. He was picked up at least twice by juvenile authorities forsuspicion of auto theft and burglary, but nothing came of it. We will write a custom essay on Ted bundy1 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Ted participated in many respectable behaviors that helped make it so unbelievable toaccept his guiltiness. He caught a purse snatcher and was given a commendation from the policedepartment. He also saved a drowning toddler once by diving into a lake after him. Ted alsoworked for a suicide prevention hotline talking others out of killing themselves. He wroterape-prevention books and became active in politics gaining the attention of important, highlyknown people. Ted worked many low paying jobs to pay for college. He was a busboy at ahotel, a messenger, and clerks at various stores. He left most jobs after only a few months. Some employers said he was a good worker while others gave him less than favorableIt is likely that Ted killed his first victim while in his teens. A young schoolmatedisappeared at this time. He is said to have begun his serial killings in his late twenties in 1974. However many people believe that he started earlier than this. He is said to be the suspect inIn J anuary of 1974, an 18 year old student by the name Joni Lenz was found unconsciousin her bedroom. Ted had beaten her with a metal rod and then inserted it into her genitals. Jonisurvived but was in a coma for several months and had no memory of the event at all. A monthlater Ted had struck again. He had abducted and killed a 21 year old woman named, Lynda AnnHealy. Lynda didn’t show up for work or dinner that day friends and family started to worry. Healy’s parents immediately called the police. Soon after they found blood dripping from LyndaAnnn’s mattress. Police also found a night gown close to the bed with blood all over it. Herclothes and backpack from the night before were also missing. Where was Lynda Ann though?Investigators were puzzled there was no evidence whatsoever that would help lead them toLynda.Six weeks later, a 19 year old college student never arrived at a jazz concert she wasgoing to. The next month a freshman girl disappeared on the way to a movie. Two other womendisappeared over the next two months.Seven girls had vanished through out the states of Utah,Oregon and Washington, within the spring and summer of 1974. All the girls had strikingsimilarities, they were all thin white girls who had parted hair and were wearing slacks at theTed would use fake casts, splints, and crutches to get his victims to help him. He woulduse little things like how he needed help to carry his books or load up his car. In July 1974though, he was able to convince a Janet Ott to help him load a sailboat up at his parent’s house. A couple picnicking near by, remembered a handsome young man approaching Ott. From whatthe couple could hear, the man’s name was Ted. The girl was never seen again. That same dayhe abducted 18 year old Denise Naslund while at a park. Ted had now abducted two people inbroad daylight using his real name. People would not believe that a killer would actually use hisreal name. This lead the press to call t hese cases the â€Å"Ted† cases. In 1974 the first pieces ofbodies were slowly being found. The police began to discover the severity and scope of thekiller.By this time Ted had moved to Utah where he became a dormitory manager at theUniversity of Utah. Here in Utah he killed 16 year old Nancy Wilcox. Three weeks later hekilled 17 year old Melissa Smith. Melissa’s father was the Midvale, Utah’s, Police Chief. Mr. .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 , .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 .postImageUrl , .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 , .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435:hover , .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435:visited , .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435:active { border:0!important; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435:active , .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435 .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uab4f6d0b1fa820cc218c8538df0c3435:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The House on Mango Street: Seeking Independence EssaySmith would warn her about the dangers of the world, because of all the wrong he had seenthrough out his career. His worst nightmare came true on October 18 1974, when Melissadisappeared. Ted had killed at least 11 times in Utah and nearby Colorado. Police would soon get there break in the case. Ted would approach 18 year old CarolDaRonch. Ted told her that he had seen someone try to break into her car and he would reallylike it if she would go along with him to the parking lot to see if anything had been stolen. Carolassumed the man was mall security because he seemed so in control of the situation. When theygot to the car Carol told Ted that everything was there. Ted who had told Carol his name wasOfficer Roseland, was not satisfied and wanted to take her to police headquarters. He wantedher to file a complaint. When he led her to a Volkswagen bug, she became suspicious and askedfor identification. Ted pulled out a gold badge quickly and escorted her into the car. Ted droveoff in the opposite direction of the police station. After a short while of being in the car Tedtried to put handcuffs on Carol. Carol screamed and Ted pulled out a handgun and threatened tokill her. Carol soon found herself up against the car while Ted had a crowbar in his hand readyto strike her in the head. She kicked his genitals and managed to break free, she ran towards theroad and caught the attention of a couple, who drove her to the police station. Carol told themwhat happened and gave a description.2Her reports of the events including his attempted use ofhandcuffs and a crowbar would provide significant evidence leadi ng to Ted’s eventual arrest. Afew days later, off Carols coat a blood type was found. It was type O, the same as Ted Bundy’s,In August 1975 Ted was stopped for driving suspiciously. The car would be searchedand Ted was arrested. 3 At the time of arrest. A crowbar, ice pick, ski mask, mask of Bibliography:

buy custom Psychological Analysis in the Hamlet essay

buy custom Psychological Analysis in the Hamlet essay The writer has used a number of themes in the play to bring out the psychological analysis of the play. Depression, disillusionment, and despair are some of the emotions that the young hamlet has to cope with in his attempt to fight off the feelings he is going through as he tries to understand his fathers death. His anguish deepens even further as his mother is engaged in a marriage that is viewed as illicit since, it is incestuous. As he tries to compose himself from the existing pieces of his broken idealism, he knowingly embarks on his efforts to find the truth hidden in Elsinore; this out rightly differs from the case of Claudius fervent intention of finding out the truth behind the murder. The psychological analysis has also revolved around the issue of truth versus deception; it also touches on reality from what is an illusion. The play illustrates on the tribulations that Prince Hamlet goes through on a daily basis as he tries to differentiate one form the other this issue (S hakespeare et al., 71). In the play, there occurs a twist of the norm; that is, apart from the usual things that Hamlet is used to; deception and illusion, in Act2, Scene 2, there develop an honest conversation that takes place between Rosencrantz and Hamlet and Guildenstern. Through the employment of figurative speech and usage of prose, Shakespeare uses this passage to reflect on the Hamlets opinion to the universe and the humanity. In the entire play, there is a careful development on the theme of mendaciousness and illusion. The whole of the Danish royal court is involved in a number of vices; these include lies, espionage, and cases of betrayal. The court is so much corrupt that no one can give his dependent verdict. Polonius wonders how the wise have put away their wisdom and only act without thinking. Thisresulted into grave suffering of the people, due to lack of justice for innocent people, who are poor in the society. In the play as one focuses on Act 2, Scene 2, Lines71-3, there are numerous instances concerning the issue of deception is extremely rampant. The writer clearly brings out these factors by employing the usage formal, poetic language and eloquence. Where deception has been brought out as an ornate subject, then the resulting truth is straightforward and outright. Once the writer is discarding the pretenses of illusion as shown in Act2, Scene2, he resolves to the use of language written in direct prose. For instance, when Hamlet is pleading with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern about their honest intention concerning their arrival, he does so in a direct prose. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern portray an element of foolishness as they go on in revealing their true intention of about their arrival. It is from their response that we come to learn that the King and the Queen had instructed them. Therefore, Hamlet gets the truth that he was searching. It is notable that the writer does not use any poetic devices in this conversation The writer has also been used the theme of madness and melancholy in analyzing the psychological issue that the characters are experiencing. Hamlet hides his make-believe madness as he contemplates on his strategy towards taking his revenge. The true state of his mind is extremely unstable at several instances in the entire play. As such, it becomes particularly impossible to tell when he is sincerely normal. In the play, the writer use Hamlet to bring out other mental disorders suffered by Hamlet, which includes cynical mindset, the habit harshly self-criticizing, melancholy, continuous thought of suicide, cynical mindset and pessimism, depressed mood (Hamlet). In Act 4 Scene 5, the mental condition of Ophelia is extremely unstable. She is unable to hold the information concerning the murder of her father. It becomes particularly unbearable once she learns that her lover had caused the death of her father. This prompts her loose the sense of reality. Her ravings imply the degree of the preoccupation that has affected her mind. She suffers the death of a loved one through the death of her father, and still, on the other hand, she longs for the love her lover (Hamlet) returned. In the play, it is clear that Hamlet also contemplates of committing suicide, but, on the other hand, Ophelia is on a constant verge of taking her own life. The issue of despair also talks more on the psychological condition of the play. A sense of despair is evident where we see the characters questioning death. Hamlet faces this problem after he loses his father. It is here that he realizes life is not permanent, which makes his question himself concerning his own de ath. As is the case in most teens, Hamlet contemplates on committing suicide. He becomes extremely desperate as he tries to weigh options as to whether his actions would be justifiable. His thought of committing suicide does not materialize once he starts contemplating of life after death. In conclusion, numerous themes have been employed by the writer to effective bring the issue of psychological atmosphere among the characters in the play. These themes include; despair, disillusionment, depression, madness, and melancholy. The writer has employed numerous poetic devices that also bring about these themes effectively. Hamlets anguish deepens even further as his mother is engaged in an illicit marriage after the death of his father, which indicates on that Hamlets psychological condition, is extremely unstable. Buy custom Psychological Analysis in the Hamlet essay

Modernization of the World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Modernization of the World - Essay Example Eventually, leisure became less influential, with most corporations giving their employees off in particular days to enjoy leisure. In other words, the world became a working nation as people struggled to expand their wealth base. Modernization did affect basic institutions as well. First, education became a serious concern because individuals needed to pass intelligence and stories from one generation to another. Schools developed ranging from lower level kindergartens to higher levels institutions of learning. Additionally, disciplines of study changed to cover many fields. For instance, psychology, law, engineering, and social arena expanded their subjects of study. Increasingly, the 20th century saw a link between the level of education and career that individuals pursued. Still, the family views on marriage because people assumed different roles. As more females entered the labor market and educated themselves, they became stable. Most women could raise children without necessarily having the support of male. Eventually, the concept of single mother became standard as professionals proved not keen on marriage. Some men and women preferred taking responsibility of their families as couples by sharing respo nsibilities but not based on traditional gender-oriented platforms. For instance, men and women could contribute equally to creating family wealth and shared duties at home equally. In fact, it was during the same period that feminism concepts became famous because women demanded equality on nearly all fronts.